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<h1 id="ab"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#ab"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>ab</h1>
<p>Apache服务器的性能测试工具</p>
<h2 id="补充说明"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#补充说明"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>补充说明</h2>
<p><strong>ab命令</strong> 是一个测试你 Apache http 服务器的工具，你可以通过这个工具，指定一个单位时间内向 apache 发出的请求数量来看看你的 Apache 和机器配合的性能如何。</p>
<h3 id="语法"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#语法"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>语法</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">ab <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -A auth-username:password <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -c concurrency <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -C cookie-name<span class="token operator">=</span>value
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -d <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -e csv-file <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -g gnuplot-file <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -h <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -H custom-header <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">-i  <span class="token punctuation">]</span>  <span class="token punctuation">[</span>  -k  <span class="token punctuation">]</span>  <span class="token punctuation">[</span>  -n  requests  <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -p POST-file <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -P proxy-auth-user‐
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">name:password <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -q <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -s <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -S <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -t timelimit <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -T content-type  <span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>  -v verbosity<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -V <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -w <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -x <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>table<span class="token operator">></span>-attributes <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span> -X proxy<span class="token punctuation">[</span>:port<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6"><span class="token punctuation">]</span>  <span class="token punctuation">[</span>  -y  <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>tr<span class="token operator">></span>-attributes  <span class="token punctuation">]</span>  <span class="token punctuation">[</span>  -z   <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>td<span class="token operator">></span>-attributes   <span class="token punctuation">]</span>   <span class="token punctuation">[</span>http://<span class="token punctuation">]</span>host‐
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">name<span class="token punctuation">[</span>:port<span class="token punctuation">]</span>/path
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="ab [ -A auth-username:password ] [ -c concurrency ] [ -C cookie-name=value
] [ -d ] [ -e csv-file ] [ -g gnuplot-file ] [ -h ] [ -H custom-header ] [
-i  ]  [  -k  ]  [  -n  requests  ] [ -p POST-file ] [ -P proxy-auth-user‐
name:password ] [ -q ] [ -s ] [ -S ] [ -t timelimit ] [ -T content-type  ]
[  -v verbosity] [ -V ] [ -w ] [ -x <table>-attributes ] [ -X proxy[:port]
]  [  -y  <tr>-attributes  ]  [  -z   <td>-attributes   ]   [http://]host‐
name[:port]/path
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="选项"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选项</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">-A auth-username:password
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">      <span class="token comment">#  支持基本的验证证书,用户名和密码之间使用"冒号"                    :</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">      <span class="token comment"># 分隔开,ab将以明文方式传送过去.不管服务器是不是需要</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">      <span class="token comment"># ,也就是说你的服务器需要支持401认证.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">-c concurrency
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">      <span class="token comment"># 同时向服务器端发送的请求数目，默认状态下是一次 只执行一个http请求.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">-C cookie-name<span class="token operator">=</span>value
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">      <span class="token comment"># Add a Cookie: line to the request. The argument is typically in the</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">      <span class="token comment"># form of a name=value pair. This field is repeatable.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">-d    <span class="token comment">#  Do not display  the  "percentage  served  within  XX  [ms]  table".</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">      <span class="token comment"># (legacy support).</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16">-e csv-file
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17">      <span class="token comment"># Write  a  Comma  separated value (CSV) file which contains for each</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18">      <span class="token comment"># percentage (from 1% to 100%) the time (in milli seconds) it took to</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19">      <span class="token comment"># serve  that percentage of the requests. This is usually more useful</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20">      <span class="token comment"># than the 'gnuplot' file; as the results are already 'binned'.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="22">-g gnuplot-file
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="23">      <span class="token comment"># Write all measured values out as a 'gnuplot' or TSV  (Tab  separate</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="24">      <span class="token comment"># values)  file.  This file can easily be imported into packages like</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="25">      <span class="token comment"># Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excell. The labels  are  on</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="26">      <span class="token comment"># the first line of the file.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="27">-h    <span class="token comment"># 显示使用说明</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="28">-H custom-header
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="29">      <span class="token comment"># 向请求包追加附加的标题字串.此参数应该是有效的标题         行(header</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="30">      <span class="token comment"># line)形式,通常使用冒号":"来分隔有效配对 (valid  pair)例如  'Accept-</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="31">      <span class="token comment"># Encoding: zip/zop;8 bit';</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="32">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="33">-i    <span class="token comment"># 使用一个 http 头(HEAD) 来替换 GET方法.不可以掺入POST 方法</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="34">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="35">-k    <span class="token comment">#  允许http      KeepAlive      ；也就是说执行多个请求在一个      http</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="36">      <span class="token comment"># 会话当中，默认是不允许的也就是no KeepAlive啦;)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="37">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="38">-n requests
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="39">      <span class="token comment"># 执行一次测试会话的时候所发出的请求数目,默认是执行一个单一的请求</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="40">      <span class="token comment"># 当然了这样的测试结果也就没什么意义了</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="41">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="42">-p POST-file
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="43">      <span class="token comment"># 测试程序也就是ab,将向Apache server发送带有HTTP POST 的请求.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="44">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="45">-P proxy-auth-username:password
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="46">      <span class="token comment"># 当需要通过代理测试一台 HTTP 服务器的时候而你的代理</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="47">      <span class="token comment"># 又需要用户名密码验证,这时你可以使用这个选项,同样</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="48">      <span class="token comment"># 用户名与密码之间使用冒号":"分隔开,ab将之以明文的方式</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="49">      <span class="token comment"># 发送出去,当然,前提是你的代理是处于407认证状态的</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="50">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="51">-q    <span class="token comment">#  When processing more than 150 requests, ab outputs a progress count</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="52">      <span class="token comment"># on  stderr  every  10% or 100 requests or so. The -q flag will sup‐</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="53">      <span class="token comment"># press these messages.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="54">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="55">-s    <span class="token comment">#  When compiled in (ab -h will show you) use the SSL protected  https</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="56">      <span class="token comment"># rather  than  the  http  protocol. This feature is experimental and</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="57">      <span class="token comment"># very rudimentary. You probably do not want to use it.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="58">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="59">-S    <span class="token comment">#  Do not display the median and standard deviation values,  nor  dis‐</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="60">      <span class="token comment"># play  the  warning/error  messages  when the average and median are</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="61">      <span class="token comment"># more than one or two times the standard deviation  apart.  And  de‐</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="62">      <span class="token comment"># fault to the min/avg/max values. (legacy support).</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="63">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="64">-t timelimit
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="65">      <span class="token comment">#  设置测试的时间的长短，使用这个选项ab将自动设置</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="66">      <span class="token comment"># 测试请求会话数目为50000，然后以你设置的时间为</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="67">      <span class="token comment"># 固定周期.默认状态下是没有时限的，也就是直到完成</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="68">      <span class="token comment"># 你所设置的请求数目为止.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="69">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="70">-T content-type
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="71">      <span class="token comment"># 内容类型标头,使用在POST数据的时候.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="72">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="73">-v verbosity
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="74">      <span class="token comment"># 设置冗余级别,4级打印出每个请求标头的详细信息,</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="75">      <span class="token comment"># 3级打印出回应代码(例如,404,200),2级打印出警告 信息和指示消息</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="76">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="77">-V    <span class="token comment"># 显示版本号并且退出</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="78">-w    <span class="token comment"># 打印输出结果到HTML表中. 默认的表是两列n行白底黑框</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="79">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="80">-x <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>table<span class="token operator">></span>-attributes
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="81">      <span class="token comment"># 使用字串来描述表的属性,该属性字串应该插入到&#x3C;table 这里 ></span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="82">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="83">-X proxy<span class="token punctuation">[</span>:port<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="84">      <span class="token comment"># Use a proxy server for the requests.</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="85">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="86">-y <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>tr<span class="token operator">></span>-attributes
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="87">      <span class="token comment"># 用于生成html表格每行的属性名 (&#x3C;tr>)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="88">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="89">-z <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>td<span class="token operator">></span>-attributes
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="90">      <span class="token comment"># 用于生成html表格每列的属性名 (&#x3C;td>)</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="-A auth-username:password
      #  支持基本的验证证书,用户名和密码之间使用&#x22;冒号&#x22;                    :
      # 分隔开,ab将以明文方式传送过去.不管服务器是不是需要
      # ,也就是说你的服务器需要支持401认证.

-c concurrency
      # 同时向服务器端发送的请求数目，默认状态下是一次 只执行一个http请求.

-C cookie-name=value
      # Add a Cookie: line to the request. The argument is typically in the
      # form of a name=value pair. This field is repeatable.

-d    #  Do not display  the  &#x22;percentage  served  within  XX  [ms]  table&#x22;.
      # (legacy support).

-e csv-file
      # Write  a  Comma  separated value (CSV) file which contains for each
      # percentage (from 1% to 100%) the time (in milli seconds) it took to
      # serve  that percentage of the requests. This is usually more useful
      # than the &#x27;gnuplot&#x27; file; as the results are already &#x27;binned&#x27;.

-g gnuplot-file
      # Write all measured values out as a &#x27;gnuplot&#x27; or TSV  (Tab  separate
      # values)  file.  This file can easily be imported into packages like
      # Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excell. The labels  are  on
      # the first line of the file.
-h    # 显示使用说明
-H custom-header
      # 向请求包追加附加的标题字串.此参数应该是有效的标题         行(header
      # line)形式,通常使用冒号&#x22;:&#x22;来分隔有效配对 (valid  pair)例如  &#x27;Accept-
      # Encoding: zip/zop;8 bit&#x27;;

-i    # 使用一个 http 头(HEAD) 来替换 GET方法.不可以掺入POST 方法

-k    #  允许http      KeepAlive      ；也就是说执行多个请求在一个      http
      # 会话当中，默认是不允许的也就是no KeepAlive啦;)

-n requests
      # 执行一次测试会话的时候所发出的请求数目,默认是执行一个单一的请求
      # 当然了这样的测试结果也就没什么意义了

-p POST-file
      # 测试程序也就是ab,将向Apache server发送带有HTTP POST 的请求.

-P proxy-auth-username:password
      # 当需要通过代理测试一台 HTTP 服务器的时候而你的代理
      # 又需要用户名密码验证,这时你可以使用这个选项,同样
      # 用户名与密码之间使用冒号&#x22;:&#x22;分隔开,ab将之以明文的方式
      # 发送出去,当然,前提是你的代理是处于407认证状态的

-q    #  When processing more than 150 requests, ab outputs a progress count
      # on  stderr  every  10% or 100 requests or so. The -q flag will sup‐
      # press these messages.

-s    #  When compiled in (ab -h will show you) use the SSL protected  https
      # rather  than  the  http  protocol. This feature is experimental and
      # very rudimentary. You probably do not want to use it.

-S    #  Do not display the median and standard deviation values,  nor  dis‐
      # play  the  warning/error  messages  when the average and median are
      # more than one or two times the standard deviation  apart.  And  de‐
      # fault to the min/avg/max values. (legacy support).

-t timelimit
      #  设置测试的时间的长短，使用这个选项ab将自动设置
      # 测试请求会话数目为50000，然后以你设置的时间为
      # 固定周期.默认状态下是没有时限的，也就是直到完成
      # 你所设置的请求数目为止.

-T content-type
      # 内容类型标头,使用在POST数据的时候.

-v verbosity
      # 设置冗余级别,4级打印出每个请求标头的详细信息,
      # 3级打印出回应代码(例如,404,200),2级打印出警告 信息和指示消息

-V    # 显示版本号并且退出
-w    # 打印输出结果到HTML表中. 默认的表是两列n行白底黑框

-x <table>-attributes
      # 使用字串来描述表的属性,该属性字串应该插入到<table 这里 >

-X proxy[:port]
      # Use a proxy server for the requests.

-y <tr>-attributes
      # 用于生成html表格每行的属性名 (<tr>)

-z <td>-attributes
      # 用于生成html表格每列的属性名 (<td>)
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="参数"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#参数"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>参数</h3>
<p>主机：被测试主机。</p>
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